晶閘管在電力變換及控制中有哪些應用呢?我們都知道晶閘管在無功補償中中扮演著很重要的作用,是不可或缺的一部分,本文將從變化及控制兩方面進行簡單的介紹。
晶閘管在大功率變頻技術中的應用主要是進行電力變換及控制,按其功能有以下幾種類型:
(1)可控整流
利用(yong)晶(jing)閘(zha)管單向導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)可控(kong)(kong)性(xing),把交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)可調(diao)(diao)(diao)的(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。這種(zhong)可調(diao)(diao)(diao)的(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源,應用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解,電(dian)(dian)(dian)鍍(du),充電(dian)(dian)(dian),勵磁(ci),及(ji)合閘(zha)操作電(dian)(dian)(dian)源等領(ling)域。另一(yi)個主要(yao)用(yong)這是做成(cheng)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)拖動(dong)的(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)速裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。以往對于(yu)要(yao)求調(diao)(diao)(diao)速或起制動(dong)性(xing)能較(jiao)高的(de)拖動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),一(yi)般均采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)變流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)機(ji)(ji)組來得(de)到可控(kong)(kong)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),以實(shi)現控(kong)(kong)制要(yao)求。晶(jing)閘(zha)管問世以后,靜止的(de)可控(kong)(kong)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),以它一(yi)系列(lie)的(de)優點代替了機(ji)(ji)組,并(bing)可得(de)到更佳的(de)靜態(tai)及(ji)動(dong)態(tai)指標。在海上(shang)石(shi)油鉆井平臺,目前從電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji),到各中(zhong)小型輔(fu)助機(ji)(ji)械的(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong),均采用(yong)晶(jing)閘(zha)管供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)或勵磁(ci)的(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)速裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。
用(yong)(yong)晶閘管(guan)的(de)特性,相宜(yi)流(liu)(liu)變(bian)(bian)換成交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)的(de)過(guo)程稱(cheng)為逆變(bian)(bian),將(jiang)(jiang)某(mou)一頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)變(bian)(bian)換成其它各種領率(lv)(lv)的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)的(de)過(guo)程稱(cheng)為變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)。整(zheng)流(liu)(liu),逆變(bian)(bian),變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)常常是結(jie)合(he)在(zai)一起(qi),或(huo)者聯(lian)合(he)遠用(yong)(yong)的(de)。電流(liu)(liu),電壓通(tong)過(guo)這些變(bian)(bian)換。常做成中頻(pin)(400-8000Hz)加熱(re)電源,用(yong)(yong)于熔煉,透熱(re),淬火(huo),焊接。現(xian)在(zai)較為經濟的(de)長途高(gao)壓直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)電,就是將(jiang)(jiang)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)成直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)送,然后,再將(jiang)(jiang)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)逆變(bian)(bian)成交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)供人使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。另(ling)一個應(ying)用(yong)(yong)是對交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電機進行調速(su),如海(hai)上石油鉆(zhan)井平臺電網串(chuan)級(ji)調速(su)和變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)調速(su)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)各種形式(shi)的(de)變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)裝(zhuang)置等。這是目前的(de)技(ji)術發(fa)展方向,國外的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)調違拖動裝(zhuang)置發(fa)展非常迅速(su)。